Kimberlite – Wikipedia tiếng Việt
Kimberlite là một kiểu đá núi lửa kali nổi tiếng do nó đôi khi chứa kim cương. Tên loại đá này được đặt theo tên thị trấn Kimberley ở Nam Phi, đây là nơi phát hiện ra viên kim cương có kích thước 83,5 cara (16,70 g) năm 1871.
Origins of olivine in Earth's youngest kimberlite: Igwisi Hills
The modern Igwisi Hills kimberlite volcanoes (4° 53′ 19.22″ S, 31° 55′ 59.15″ E) are located at the western margin of the Tanzania craton (Fig. 1), where the magmas erupted through gneisses of the Archaean Dodoman system (Bell and Dodson 1981).The volcanoes comprise three exceptionally well-preserved sub-circular volcanic centres (NE, …
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The evolution of calcite-bearing kimberlites by melt-rock …
The central Lac de Gras (LDG) kimberlite field, which contains the Diavik and Ekati Diamond Mines, was principally active from 75 to 45 Ma (Cretaceous to Eocene) (Sarkar et al. 2015). The LDG field is located east of the inferred craton suture (Fig. 1). Its kimberlite pipes define a 100-km by 200-km northwest-trending zone (Lockhart et al. …
Kimberlite Terminology and Classification | SpringerLink
The concept encompassed in Table 1 is partly inspired by the approach of McPhie et al. and has some similarities to Cas et al. (2008, 2009).However, there are key differences between our scheme for kimberlite nomenclature and these approaches. Most critically, McPhie et al. and Cas et al. (2008, 2009) begin with an initial textural …
Djerfisherite in kimberlites and their xenoliths: implications …
Djerfisherite (K 6 (Fe,Ni,Cu) 25 S 26 Cl) occurs as an accessory phase in the groundmass of many kimberlites, kimberlite-hosted mantle xenoliths, and as a daughter inclusion phase in diamonds and kimberlitic minerals. Djerfisherite typically occurs as replacement of pre-existing Fe–Ni–Cu sulphides (i.e. pyrrhotite, pentlandite and …
When Ancient Eruptions Pumped Diamonds to Earth's Surface
Kimberlite eruptions start near the cratonic roots, at least 75 miles underground, and race upward at tens of feet per second — a fiery fury driven by an abundance of carbon dioxide and water.
Geodynamics of kimberlites on a cooling Earth: Clues to …
Fig. 2 shows the temporal distribution of global kimberlite occurrences (those with available age dates) in the form of a frequency distribution with a bin size of 25 Myr. Kimberlite magmatism occurred episodically since ca. 2.85 Ga (cf., de Wit et al., 2016), and the overall frequency increases significantly toward the …
Kimberlites reveal 2.5-billion-year evolution of a …
Our compilation reveals that—before about 200 million years ago (Ma)—the mantle source of all kimberlite bodies globally appears to have evolved along a single …
Monticellite in group-I kimberlites: Implications for evolution of
This alludes to a proto-kimberlite melt which contains higher concentrations of alkali-carbonates, chlorides and phosphates than commonly measured in whole-rock analyses (e.g., Le Roex et al., 2003, Becker and Le Roex, 2006, Nielsen and Sand, 2008, Kjarsgaard et al., 2009). Although unconstrained in their concentration in the proto …
Minerals | Special Issue : Minerals of Kimberlites: An Insight …
The reaction of orthopyroxene with the kimberlite-related melt has led to orthopyroxene dissolution and formation of the CMI, the latter being surrounded by complex reaction zones and containing zoned olivine grains with extremely high-Mg# (up to 99) cores. This report highlights the utility of minerals present in minor volume proportions in ...
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ALEX STREKEISEN-Kimberlite-
1) Crater Facies Kimberlite 2) Diatreme Facies Kimberlite 3) Hypabyssal Facies Kimberlite ♦ 1) Crater Facies: The surface morphology of un-weathered kimberlite (Fig.1) is characterized by a crater, up to 2 km in diameter, whose floor may be 150 to 300 m below the surface. The crater is generally deepest in the middle and round the crater is a ...
Kimberlite eruptions driven by slab flux and …
We find that subduction angles combined with peaks in slab flux predict pulses of kimberlite eruptions. High rates of subducting slab material trigger mantle return flow …
Kimberlite | Properties, Composition and …
Kimberlite is an igneous rock that major source of diamonds. Kimberlite is a variety of peridotite . It is rich in mica minerals content and often in form of crystals of phlogopite. Other containt …
How To Identify Kimberlite (Tips For Beginners)
In this article, we'll teach you about kimberlite and how to identify it. How To Identify Kimberlite (Tips For Beginners) What Is Kimberlite? The material referred to as …
Geodynamics of kimberlites on a cooling Earth: Clues to …
Some models prefer kimberlite melt origins from mantle plume sources (Le Roex, 1986, Haggerty, 1994, Summary and conclusion Integration of a wide variety of datasets (geochronology, isotope geology, experimental petrology, volcanology, paleogeography; Supplementary files A to E) enables us to refine existing models for the …
Kimberlite: A Rare, Brecciated Diamond Bearing Mantle Rock
Kimberlite chemical composition. Kimberlite is a potassic to ultrapotassic magnesium oxide-rich (15-27 wt. % MgO), silica-poor (20-36 wt.% SiO 2) ultramafic rock. This rare rock is rich in volatiles, incompatible elements, and rare Earth elements (REE) and has considerable iron and calcium oxides.
Sampling and estimation of diamond content in …
kimberlite based on microdiamonds Johannes Ferreira To cite this version: Johannes Ferreira. Sampling and estimation of diamond content in kimberlite based on micro-diamonds. Other. Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. English. NNT: 2013ENMP0078. pastel-00982337
Application of ground magnetic and soil geochemical
The presence of the Archean Craton.The study area lies in the southern margin of the Archean Kaapvaal Craton (Fig. 2 a) which is known to host diamondiferous kimberlites (Gurney et al., 1993).Download : Download high-res image (597KB) Download : Download full-size image Fig. 2. (a) Various Archean volcano-sedimentary sequences, …
Application of the Field Portable XRF to Kimberlite
The kimberlite is intruded in to acidic granite-gneiss providing a potential strong geochemical contrast. Multi-element analysis by aqua-regia digest and 4 acid digest with ICP-MS identified low ...
Towards a new model for kimberlite petrogenesis: Evidence …
The Udachnaya diamondiferous kimberlite pipe is located in the northwestern part of the Daldyn–Alakit kimberlite province in Siberia (Fig. 1).At the surface, two adjacent kimberlite bodies (East and West) are recognised, and these can be traced to separate pipes in underground workings beyond ~ 250–270 m.Based on stratigraphic …
Discrimination of Whiskey kimberlite eruptive phases utilizing portable
The purpose of this study was to examine the viability of using a hand-held portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometer to rapidly obtain geochemical data on kimberlite samples, and thus enable discrimination of different kimberlite phases. Potential applications range from augmenting core logging at the exploration stage, to ore grade …
Mapping global kimberlite potential from reconstructions of …
Overall, the relative kimberlite potential at kimberlite locations is greater for Case 2 than for S40RTS (Fig 9E and 9F): the peak in the number of kimberlites is for a relative kimberlite potential of about 0.3 for S40RTS (median 0.21 and mean 0.19) and about 0.55 for Case 2 (median 0.24 and mean 0.35) over 320 Ma (Fig 9E); over 640 Ma …
portable diamond processing plant for kimberlite
These systems are based on the property of diamonds having a much higher specific gravity (density) of ~352 g/cm3 compared to most of the other minerals that make up material in which diamonds are found The first stage of kimberlite processing is to crush and screen the Once a diamond operation yields ore, the diamonds must be sorted from the ...
The Letšeng-la-Terae kimberlite
The Letšeng-la-Terae kimberlite (Lesotho), famous for its large high-value diamonds, has five distinct phases that are mined in a Main and a Satellite pipe. These diatreme phases are heavily altered but parts of a directly adjacent kimberlite blow are exceptionally fresh. The blow groundmass consists of preserved primary olivine with …
The assimilation of felsic xenoliths in kimberlites: insights …
This study aims to constrain the nature of kimberlite–xenolith reactions and the fluid origin for Kimberley-type pyroclastic kimberlite (KPK). KPKs are characterized by an abundance of basement xenoliths (15–90%) and display distinct pipe morphology, textures, and mineralogy. To explain the KPK mineralogy deviating from the mineralogy …
Kimberlites: Earth's Diamond Delivery System | Gems …
Kimberlites do not erupt in all areas of Earth. Globally, kimberlites all occur below the oldest parts of continents, known as cratons …
Kimberlite: The Rocks with Diamonds in Them
Kimberlite originates in the upper portion of the mantle, and it is one of the few stones that do so. Kimberlite "pipes" are actually shaped a bit like a carrot, widening at the top. The pipes are the remnants of ancient, deep volcanos. The source of kimberlite lies almost 300% deeper in the Earth than most volcanoes.
Compositions of Kimberlite Melts: A Review of Melt …
Abstract The paper presents a comprehensive review of currently available data on melt inclusions entrapped in minerals of kimberlites of different age and different provenance in ancient cratons. The crystallized melt inclusions represent snapshots of kimberlite melts at different stages of their evolution. All of the inclusions are completely …
How diamond-bearing kimberlites reach the surface of …
This is why kimberlite pipes are the sites of most of the world's diamond mines. But diamonds are not the only passengers. Kimberlites also carry many other types of rock with them on their long ...
La kimberlite « roche mère du diamant » |FR
Déjà en 1887, C. Lewis classifia la kimberlite en 3 grandes sortes: 1. La kimberlite massive, porphy¬rique, une masse homogène ayant peu d'inclusions de ro-ches satellites, de couleur gris sombre, lourde et dure. 2. La brèche kimberlitique, plus tendre, conglomérat d'élé¬ments kimberlitiques différents liés par un ciment (matrice).
How To Identify Kimberlite (Tips For Beginners)
The material referred to as kimberlite, also called blue ground, is a dark-colored, often fragmented, intrusive rock that may contain diamonds in its rock matrix. It is named after the town of Kimberley, South Africa, where in 1869 the discovery of an 83 carat diamond inside kimberlite rock spawned the world's largest diamond rush.
KGS Pub. Inf. Circ. 16--Part 2 of 4
Kimberlite magma can rise toward the surface at speeds estimated at up to 400 meters (1,200 feet) per second, ripping up more and more pieces from the surrounding rock, which gives the kimberlite its characteristic texture (fig. 3). Figure 2--Generalized diagram of a kimberlite pipe. Figure 3--Polished kimberlite core sample.
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